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Inventory Document
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Inventory Document

LOCATION AND PROPERTY NAME
address:545 Mission St SE historic name:Gaiety Hollow
Salem, Marion County current/other names:Lord and Schryver House and Garden
assoc addresses:
block/lot/tax lot:
location descr: twnshp/rng/sect/qtr sect:7S 3W 27
PROPERTY CHARACTERISTICS
resource type:building height (stories):1.5 total elig resources:3 total inelig resources:0
elig evaluation: eligible/significant NR Status: Listed Individually & in Hist Distr
prim constr date:1932 second date: date indiv listed:12/16/2014
primary orig use: Single Dwelling orig use comments:Education: Research Facility; Commerce/Trad: Professional
second orig use: Garden
primary style: Colonial Revival prim style comments:
secondary style: Late 19th/20th Amer. Mvmts: Other sec style comments:
primary siding: Shingle siding comments:
secondary siding: Brick:Other/Undefined
plan type: architect:Smith, Clarence L
builder:Landscape by Lord & Schryver
comments/notes:
An Oregon white oak, over 300 years old, is one of Salem's designated heritage trees, designated in 1982. One of oaks was recently replaced due to disease. DJP 11-2014. Statewide and local significance. Additional Documentation listed 2-7-17 (AD 14000895)
GROUPINGS / ASSOCIATIONS
Survey/Grouping Included In: Type of Grouping Date Listed Date Compiled
   Gaiety Hill/Bush's Pasture Park Historic District Listed Historic District 10/10/1986 1986
   Women's History Sites Thematic Grouping 2012
SHPO INFORMATION FOR THIS PROPERTY
NR date listed: 12/16/2014
ILS survey date:
RLS survey date:
Special Assessment
Status Term End Yr
Closed 1st  2003
106 Project(s): None
Federal Tax Project(s): None
ARCHITECTURAL / PROPERTY DESCRIPTION
(Includes expanded description of the building/property, setting, significant landscape features, outbuildings and alterations)
The Gaiety Hollow Residence/Studio-Office is a one-and-one-half story building with a full basement, a steeply pitched side gable roof with wall dormers on the front and rear facades, and an attached garage. The residence is sited within the Elizabeth Lord and Edith Schryver home garden, which was not only Lord and Schryver’s personal garden, but served as a showcase and place to entertain clients, and a place in which to explore their concepts about garden design. The house is a wood-frame building with painted brick masonry on the west and lower portion of the south (front) façade. The upper portion of the front and all other facades are clad in shingles. It was designed in the Colonial Revival style by Salem architect Clarence Smith in collaboration with landscape architects Elizabeth Lord and Edith Schryver in 1932. The formally landscaped home garden, which is primarily located to the rear (north) of the residence, consists of six garden rooms separated by walkways, a formal allee, a large pergola and other garden furnishings and statuary, several support spaces, and tool shed and [temporary] greenhouse. Consistent with Lord and Schryver’s design philosophy, the garden and house are fully integrated through the use of axes that continue from house to garden, with designed views and vistas. The nearly square parcel is 130’ deep and 108.25’ wide, and bounded by the alley between Mission and Leslie Streets SE at the rear. The house is sited in the southeast quadrant of the lot. The toolshed is located in the northwest corner and a temporary greenhouse is adjacent to it. A large pergola, the only other built structure on the site, is located toward the rear of the garden. The Gaiety Hollow Residence/Studio-Office was previously listed in the Gaiety Hill/Bush’s Pasture Park Historic District as one contributing resource. This nomination identifies the property as comprising three additional contributing resources - the garden, the pergola and the garden tool shed – in addition to the house.
HISTORY
(Chronological, descriptive history of the property from its construction through at least the historic period - preferably to the present)
The Lord and Schryver House and Garden is eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion B, in the area of significance of Social History: Women’s History, at the state level. The property is significant for its association with Elizabeth Lord and Edith Schryver, who founded the first woman-owned landscape architecture firm in the Pacific Northwest. Lord and Schryver established the firm at a time when very few landscape architects in Oregon were able to sustain a private practice, which Lord and Schryver did for forty years and were the only women to do so over a significant period of time. They established a varied practice, encompassing everything from gardens to large civic projects, at a time when women in the profession were often known for residential garden design. They were important and recognized throughout their careers for their work to increase the professionalization of the landscape profession in Oregon. And they were tireless in their promotion of the profession, which they did through their design work, writing, teaching, taking on leadership roles in professional organizations, community service, and political action for causes important to the profession. The period of significance for the property of 1932 to 1969 spans Lord and Schryver’s active involvement and influence in their profession. The Lord and Schryver House and Garden is eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion C, in the area of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, at the local level, with a period of significance of 1932 to 1939, the years in which the house was constructed and the basic framework of the garden was established. The Colonial Revival residence is an excellent example of the work of architect Clarence Smith, who designed many residences in Salem for prominent citizens in the Period Revival styles. This house is distinguished by its modest scale, but finely crafted and unusually ornate details for the style. The Colonial Revival garden by Lord and Schryver is also recognized for its design and as the work of masters. It is singular, as it was their own garden, where they could experiment with and showcase their design concepts. It is also significant because it embodies all of Lord and Schryver’s design principles, which informed their work throughout their careers, on a very small and carefully crafted scale. The garden is particularly noteworthy for its relationship with the house. One of Lord and Schryver’s design principles was to enhance the relationship between the outdoors and indoors in residential design. The house and garden, one of four known properties in Salem on which Smith and Lord and Schryver collaborated, exemplifies these relationships, demonstrating the consummate skill of all three designers. Both the house and garden retain an exceptionally high level of historic integrity.
RESEARCH INFORMATION
Title Records Census Records Property Tax Records Local Histories
Sanborn Maps Biographical Sources SHPO Files Interviews
Obituaries Newspapers State Archives Historic Photographs
City Directories Building Permits State Library
Local Library: University Library:
Historical Society: Other Respository:Lord & Schryver Conservancy
Bibliography:
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